The Pattern in Snowflakes and Coral ReefsHow random wandering particles create complex structures.

A single, simple process explains the formation of wildly different natural phenomena. From the delicate branches of a snowflake to the massive structures of a coral reef, the principle of diffusion-limited aggregation reveals how basic rules can generate intricate, fractal patterns. This underlying mechanism shows that growth is often limited by how quickly new particles can arrive, leading to the characteristic branching shapes we see all around us in nature.

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