The Progressive Who Reversed ProgressHow the White House rolled back 50 years of civil rights.

Woodrow Wilson is often remembered as a progressive leader, but his administration actively dismantled racial integration in the U.S. government. Before his presidency, the federal workforce offered a path to the middle class for African Americans. Wilson’s policies introduced segregation in offices and cafeterias and used new hiring practices to systematically remove Black employees, undoing decades of advancement.

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